Development of Legal Regulation of Electronic Vote in Russia

This article discusses the features of the evolution of legal regulation of e-voting in Russia. The article deals with the emergence of e-voting, the first experiments on its implementation in the Russian electoral practices. The author analyzed of legal acts in chronological order as they are adopted, given the legal assessment of the changing approaches of the Central Election Commission of the Russian Federation to the legal regulation of electronic voting depending on the success of experiments on its implementation in the electoral practices and the electoral process. Analyzed the concept of e-voting, including the historical perspective, especially refined understanding of e-voting in Russia in comparison with the international approach to the definition of the concept. Particular emphasis is placed on the fact that in Russia under the electronic voting refers to electronic voting at polling stations, and it is using electronic voting systems (KEG). Not an electronic voting ballot using complex processing of ballots (KOIB). Author was comprehensive studying of the state automated system “Elections” (GAS “Elections”), including the historical perspective, the basic part of the SAS “Elections”, not only in terms of their functional and technical purposes, but also in relation to the e-voting system. In the article was described the experiments on the introduction of remote electronic voting using different devices (CDs, electronic keys) within the practice of electronic surveys. Among the most interesting results of experiments on the introduction of remote e-voting has been an increase voter confidence in relation to electronic voting as to enhance their legal and information culture in this area. Particular attention is paid to the development prospects of e-voting in Russia in terms of the possibility of introducing e-voting in referendums, as well as the introduction of Internet voting. In conclusion was considered main mechanisms, trends and prospects for improving the regulatory framework of electronic voting, including in connection with technological innovations in the electoral process. Attention is paid to the prospects of upgrading the existing technological infrastructure for new long-term objectives

Legal Characteristics of Electronic Justice as Project of Electronic Democracy in the Context of the International Practice and Influence of Electronic Justice on Ensuring Independence and Impartiality of Bodies of Judicial Authority

There are various forms and legal mechanisms for e-democracy. It includes an e-justice. E-justice is characterized by transparency, accountability, transparency of information, provision of electronic document. In this paper the author examines the prospects the influence of e-justice in the impartiality and independence of arbitrators. The author notes that e-democracy is becoming increasingly important trend in the world legal and political practice. In 2009, the European Council has identified in it recommendation the role and place of e-democracy, as a means to strengthen the existing system of democracy by increasing public participation and access to the democratic processes. As one of the areas of e-democracy, the Council of Europe highlighted the electronic system of justice. E-justice involves the creation of a transparent, accountable and independent judiciary based on the electronic workflow. Issues of impartiality and independence of arbitrators and the judiciary are critical to any kind of litigation. Ensuring an impartial and independent judicial proceedings, as in the system of arbitration courts and in the state courts of arbitration is often considered by scholars as a factor of investment attractiveness for business, after all, impartial and independent trial obviously gives us confidence in the future. The author in this paper assess the legal perspectives of e-justice in ensuring the impartiality and independence of arbitrators in the terms of international experience and the legal position of the European Court of Human Rights. The author notes that the development of e-justice system in Russia is in general at an early stage. Nevertheless, quite clearly observed a trend “dematerialization” of the trial and the shifting of a number of stages of the proceedings in the electronic channel. In this regard, the study of foreign experience of development of e-justice, in my opinion, is very important. The article also studied the legal characteristics of e-justice with influence as to ensure the impartiality and independence of arbitrators, and the development of e-justice as a whole, providing quality uniform legal regulation in this area